Process of and means for manufacturing nut blanks



March 3,. 1931. w. E. SHARP 1,794,737

PROCESS OF AND MEANS FOR MANUFACTURiNG NUT BLANKS I INVEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

March 3, 1931. w. E. SHARP 1,794,737

I 4 PROCESS OF AND MEANS FOR MANUFACTURING NUT 'BLANKS Filed June so, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f f/x. INVENTOR- ATTORNEYS.

designs and mechanism adapted for swaging UNITED STATES mm.,o =1-1 E wrrmaunnasmus may, or cnxcaeo, rumors rnocnss or sun manna For. MANUFACTURING mrr :emnxs' Application filed June 80, 1924. Serial K0. 728,281.

Myinvention belongs to that general class of processes'and methods, and thedev ces known as nut making machinery; it particularly relates to improved processes and tool a nut out'of a bar of any kind ofsuitable ma-' terial, preferably iron or steel This invention has among 1ts ob ects the practical and economical production of an.

iron or steel nut in which a better quality of blank and a smoother thread may be produced, due'toa more densely for-med material, also the production of a nut of superior outside finish, smoother than hot pressed nuts made by any other process. Through the use of this invention a less amount of scrap is produced in forming nutsthan is produced by any other process. I

To this end, my invention consists in a new and novel process and the construction, ar-

rangement, and combination of mechanism herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims. In the drawings;

Fig.1 is a section taken through apparatus embodying the invention and adapted to produce nut blanks by practising; my improved method:

Figs. ..u 8, inclusive, are sections taken on substantially the same line as'Fig. 1, but

. illustrating various steps of .my improved method Fig. 9 is a section taken through apparatus emgpodying" another form ofthe invention; an

Figs. 10 and 11 are sections taken through portions of the apparatus shown in and on substantially the same line, but illustratin .positions parts of the apparatus asisume uring the'operati oxi' of the a paratus.

It .is believed that a complete un erstanding of my improved methodwill behad from a description of apparatus employedto prac- Referring for the present to Figs 1 to 8,-

' inclusive, wherein I have illustrated apparatus for practising one form of the invention,

the reference character G designates adieblock having a die-box C of any desired is disposed in close proximityto the convex shape. V Thus, the die-boxC maybehexagonal end of the tool D. The apparatus is so pro- 1 00 orsquare to form hexagonal or square nuts, respectively. For the-purpose of illustrak tion, the die-block G is shown positioned upon a frame member Hand is provided with a stop J against which stock A- may be positioned to accurately align it with the die-box C. Slidably mounted in any suitable. means (not shown) is a cutoff tool B in which an eiector, swagingor back-up tool D is slidaly journaled, the back-up tool D being preferably provided with a convex surface at its forward end. Aligned with the cutoff tool B and the die-box C is a knockout tool or crowner F slidably journale'd in any suit-. able means (not shown), the tool F having a swaging tool E slidably.j ournaledtherein. The tool E is preferably formed so that'it such manner that they will function as hereinafter set forth.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that oneen'd of the stock A ispositoned against the stop J in such manner that the cutofi' tool B may sever a portion of definite size, from thestock and drive it into the die-box C, as illustrated in Fig. 2. It will be noted that in each of Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, the knockout tool F occupies substantially the same position relative to the die-block'Gr so that it serves as a wall for the die-box 0. As shown in Fig. 3, the cutofi tool B. is-driven into the die-box C during the operation of the apparatus and cooperates with theknockout tool F to subject'the portioncut from thestock .A to considerable pressure, this portion beingia'nunfinished nut blank.

eferring now to Fig, 3 it will be noted to. It may be said that the tools E and D in reality swage the nut blank into the desired form and do notsimply pierce it. This results in a relatively small amount of scrap,

Z which is indicated at K in Figs. 5 to 7, in-

clusive.

After the tools E and D have assumed the positions wherein they are shown in Fig. 4, the tool D is retracted and is followed by the tool E, which displaces the slug or scrap K and carries it into the tool B The tool E is then retracted into the position wherein it is shown in Figs. 1 and 6, and the tools B and D are retracted to the positions wherein they are shown in Fig. 7, the tool 13 being displaced relative to the tool D in such manner that the slug K is ejected from the tool B.

4 The next step of the improved method is illustrated in Fig. 8, wherein the tool F has been advanced to eject the finished nut blank from the die-box C. The several tools are then returned to the positions .wherein they are shown in Fig.1 and. the above described cycle of operations is repeated.

In Figs. 9 to 11, inclusive, I have illustrated another form of the invention, which comprises tools B, D,E and F, which are substantially identical to the tools B, D, E and F, respectively, shown in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, means (not shown) being provided for causing the tools B, D, E and F of Figs.'9, 10 and 11 to function in much the same manner as the like identified tools of Figs. 1 to s, inclusive. The tool E, however, is preferably provided with a convex forward end in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11, inclusive, as no scrap or slugs are removed from the nut blanks. It will be noted that I have provided a plurality of dieblocks G in an, indexing head L which may be rotated to bring either of the die-block's G into alignment with a swaging tool H slidably journaled in a tool the tool M being aligned with a back-up tool R slidably journaled in a bushing N.

By employing apparatus embodying this form of the invention, I am able to produce articles of the character described without any waste whatever'as the tools E and D are designed to swage the nut blank in such manner that the hole therethrough is nearly completed by the tools before they are withdrawn nut to the desired dimensions and at the same time swaging out the body of the blank to firmly fit the walls of the enclosing die. The

swaging tool H is then withdrawnandthe blank is discharged. It Will be noted that the forward end of the tool H is preferably pointed so that it does not function as a cutting punch. I

When my improved method is practised,

the material in the nut blank is compressed or impacted to a certain extent and the exterior of the blank is forcibly-pressed against the enclosing wall of the die to form smooth and satisfactory surfaces on the blank which ordinarilyrequire no further finish to enable it to be satisfactorily marketed.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that variousv immaterial modifica tions may be made in the process and the means for carrying it into effect without departing from the spirit of my invention,

hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact steps set forth or the form, construction, arrangement, or combinat1on of parts herein shown and described,

or mentioned beyond that set forth in the claims herein.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: c

1. A method of producing a nut blank,

which method comprises driving oppositely disposed non-rotatable swaging tools into a piece of metal in such manner that they substantially engage each other, withdrawing nuts, com rising cutting a piece of metal rom stock, orcing said metal into a die box, against tools that are held stationary, moving a swaging tool and an ejector into said metal to compress a centraLportion thereof, leaving a thin core, and to expand the outer surface within the die box, withdrawing the ejector and swaging tool, and advancing a relatively pointed swagin tool through the thin core,

I. to smooth out t e hole in the blank, without the formation of scrap.

3. The method of producin comprising cuttin a piece 0 stock and forcing it into a die box against a temporarily stationary and non-rotating cro'wner and a swaging tool, swaging the metal by moving the" swaging tool longitudinally toward an ali ed ejector and at the same time moving said ejector toward said swaging tool to compress a central portion of nut blanks,

the metal to form a thin core between-said ejector and swaging tool and to expand the outer surface ofthe said iece of metal to fill the die box, moving sai die box until the metal from piece of metalis aligned with a relatively pointed swaging tool, and moving'said last mentioned tool into said metal to com lete the formation of the hole therethroug by piercing the thin core formed during the first swaging operation and forcin the metal a thereof into the body of the blan 4. Apparatus for formin nut blanks, com 7 I prisin a crowner, a cut-Q tool, a plurality 10 of die locks mounted in-a head adapted to be rotated to ali%n said blocks with-saidtools,

a swaging too 0 rable in said ,crowner and an ejector opera le' in said cut-ofi tool, said crowner an swaging tool being stationary while the cut-ofi tool forces a piece'of metal into the said die block" and while the swager and ejector operate together to squeeze the f central portion of the metal thus to produce a thin core therebetween and to expand the metal into the die block said ejector and swager being then adapte to be'withdrawn," I

a and a relatively pointed swagin tool adapt-'- v ed to operate in said die block'a er the same has been moved to alignment therewithand to pierce the cor in the piece of metal to complete the formation of the blank. a 5a 'In apparatus for forming nut blanks, a die movable into a plurality of Eo sitions, a

- plurality of blunt swaging tools a 'gned with 3 one of said positions and adapted to partially form the bolt hole, and a pointed swaging A toolaligned with another of said positions and adapted to pierce the metal remaining and to complete the boltltole. I Y I ndtestimony whereof, I' have hereunto s1emname.

'W ERASTUS SHARP. 

